Monday, July 13, 2009

Antipyretics can not eat do not eat on


According to experts, is a kind of anti-fever medicines by regulating the human machine can make the body surface vasodilator, which means the process of sweating, such as increased heat dissipation, while inhibition of shivering, so that the body of drugs to reduce heat production. It can effectively control the fever, so that the body temperature lower, but you can not root out the causes of fever caused. There are many diseases fever is one of the symptoms, treatment of fever patients regardless of the cause is the use of anti-fever drugs will not work.


Toxic side-effects of anti-fever medicine.
Very commonly used anti-fever drugs, but its toxicity is also common. Such as drug eruption, gastrointestinal reactions, blood system response and function of liver and kidney damage, especially when long-standing use or excessive use of such drugs, the more significant side effects. Therefore, the use of anti-fever medicine must be careful, the basic principle should be able to eat do not eat as much as possible. Principles of family medicine
1. Not drugs of unknown etiology
Fever of unknown etiology can not be used indiscriminately antipyretics, especially early in the heat can not be used indiscriminately, so as to avoid interfering with drug fever caused by misdiagnosis of the original law.
2. Short-term drug-free low-grade fever
Low-grade fever usually refers to the body temperature below 38.5 ℃ in a fever, the temperature rise in the children almost do not see any abnormalities, while in adults is often caused by the response does not clear.
3. Outbreaks of high fever medicine used with caution
When the patients significantly increased the body temperature of around 40 ℃, the use of antipyretics great care must be taken for such patients need to reduce the amount of each drug, drug with caution.
4. Early diagnosis and treatment of fever in children
Children different from adults, their general response to low-grade fever is often not obvious, but its body temperature rise quickly, often perfectly good afternoon, at night, but Rising heat. Therefore, the child develops a high fever must pay sufficient attention to, even low-grade fever treatment should also be timely and shall be equipped with some of the temporary use of the anti-fever drugs, in order to avoid loss when the night Rising high.
5. Taking the water during the
Would give rise to all the anti-fever drugs the patient sweating, which is to increase the body heat, so that the performance of one of lower temperature, a process that patients often consume more energy, water and water-soluble vitamins, therefore patients with fever during the period in the use of antipyretics should be water, in particular, drinking more sugar, while oral B vitamins and vitamin C, which are conducive to the rehabilitation of patients with bodily functions. Did not use anti-fever drug fever patients should also be added to drinking water and more water-soluble vitamins, to help the body through self-regulation to reduce body temperature.
6. If necessary, supplemented by physical cooling
40 ℃ for more than a number of persistent high fever patients, in the use of antipyretics, cooling can be supplemented by physical methods in order to prevent further deterioration of power due to cramps or unconscious patients. Specific methods are: the use of impermeable plastic bag filled with ice water or cold water, respectively, will be placed in the patient's head and neck and under the armpit, with the Department of the thigh, chest and other parts of the great vessels after, when conditions permit can also be used with diluted semen alcohol sponge bath for the body to speed up the body heat, control the progression of the disease.

Child safety, anti-fever, selected drugs have know-how


In recent days, the fever began to grown children. Anti-fever medicine, I am afraid that most of the family standing is one of the drugs, then the safest kind of anti-fever drugs? How to use it?
Acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol) trade names are: Tylenol,咛100, Angaur hot.
10 kg to 15 mg / time, although anti-fever effect quickly, but control the time the body temperature must be short compared with other drugs, the average control time for about two hours. Its side effects are relatively small, it is safe. At present, widely used around the world, clinical, and children under the age of 2 are used to the drug.


But bearing in mind that the drug has a clear dose-dependent, that is, an increase in efficacy with the dose increased, so to prevent excessive application of the drug caused liver damage.
Ibuprofen trade names are: Merrill Lynch, Tian Qian, Chen Yan-gong, etc. again. Drug and acetaminophen are recommended by the World Health Organization to the children of two antipyretics. Usage: oral 5 ~ 10mg / kg body weight times, 6 to 8 hours 1.
Characteristics: a stable and lasting fever, fever of up to eight hours duration. And its heat (39OC and above) than the anti-fever acetaminophen strong, lasted for a long time.
The main side effects: Mild gastrointestinal reactions, transaminase increased, dual function can affect blood coagulation. Excessive use may inhibit the central nervous system, such as epileptic seizures. Therefore, the drug clinically used for more than 3-year-old children with high fever.
Nimesulide in Italy in 1985 and successfully developed a new type of listing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic drug. At present, sales of China's market. Although there will be reported in the literature of nimesulide and ibuprofen were compared, highlighting the advantages of the digestive system is less adverse reactions, but an increasing number of applications reported in the literature that nimesulide has caused severe cases of liver damage.
Aspirin in clinical practice has been not used for anti-fever treatment, only for some special diseases such as Kawasaki disease and so on. Since the 20th century, 70 years, medical scientists found that children with the drug can cause Reye syndrome.
Analgin because of its obvious adverse reactions, which was less used. However, some clinics are still small children, and parents to pay attention to.
The drug is a compound with aspirin lysine salt, can be used for intravenous and intramuscular injection, quick onset, efficacy, and oral and avoid aspirin and ibuprofen on the gastrointestinal tract irritation. Antipyretic effect of the drug, and take effect rapidly, the role of relaxation and long-lasting and less side effects, can be used as a common pediatric antipyretic drugs. However, long-term application may trigger Reye syndrome, and some can induce anaphylactic shock and severe asthma attack.
Usually, when children temperature above 38. 5OC, the doctors suggested that anti-fever drugs, because a fever is the body's defense response, the appropriate human body heat can help to eradicate the virus and bacteria. In addition, care should be taken to deal with anti-fever is only symptomatic treatment based on the cause of anti-fever drug use is relatively safe.

Restricted medication in children


Stage in the growth and development in children, in the anatomical and physiological characteristics to have significant, and many organs, nervous system development is not yet complete, is extremely sensitive to many drugs, these characteristics determine the drug in vivo in children and adults process different. Specialization as a result of medication, complexity, and to require doctors to use products, doses, formulations, specifications, usage, etc. to make more detailed consideration.


Development in children can be divided into the neonatal period, infant and childhood period in three stages, in different stages of the characteristics of different drugs. Generally speaking, children should not use or disable the following drugs:
1. Tetracyclines Tetracyclines may cause enamel hypoplasia, yellow coloring of teeth and bone growth inhibition, it is prohibited for children under 8 years old. These drugs are as follows: tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline (doxycycline), minocycline (minocycline), guanidine cyclophilin A, cyclophilin to the United States, the United States and so he cyclophilin.
2. Quinolones such drugs can cause young dogs and other mammals, the bones and joints, especially weight-bearing bone and joint cartilage damage, so the age of 18 minors prohibited. Many of these drugs, commonly used are norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin and so on.
3. Hormone drugs such drugs will be covered with inflammatory symptoms, can also be caused by endocrine dysfunction, under normal circumstances should avoid the use of corticosteroids, such as cortisone, prednisone (prednisone), such as dexamethasone. Androgens such as methyltestosterone, testosterone propionate, such as long-term cause premature closure of bone, affecting the growth and development of children, especially children are suffering from chicken pox to disable.
4. Antipyretic analgesics containing pyrazolone compound preparation of the non-caffeine tablets such as ammonia, analgin to pain tablets pain tablets, such as San-li, the effect of antipyretic analgesic sure, but not for pediatric use, it is easy to cause aplastic anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura. Another example is the newborn with the use of aspirin or aspirin causes Reye's agents (Reye's) syndrome (a common feature of acute brain diseases, the fatality rate as high as 50%). Aspirin on infants and young children have damage to the auditory nerve.
Ganmaotong one of the major components of diclofenac sodium, children taking easily cause hematuria, children should not be treated as a common cold medicine, disabled children under the age of 3. Diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets due to the larger dose (each 75mg), children and young people are unfit for use.
Acetaminophen is the most widely used antipyretic analgesic, and its efficacy, and oral absorption of the rapid, complete, it should be noted that the use of inappropriate doses, and children under the age of 3 should be used with caution.
5. Aminoglycoside drugs such as streptomycin, gentamicin, small Daunomycin, amikacin, sisomicin, such as, for easy use in children caused by auditory nerve and kidney damage, disable children under the age of 6.

Using honey cough governance


There are a lot of the effectiveness of honey, this is the week people, you know? Honey can also be the treatment of cough in children, the following finishing treatment of children with cough of two small pick-me-up, I hope to help all of you.


1. Carrot honey soup
Materials: 1 white radish, honey 100 grams.
Production: The hollowed out turnip Wash Center, Add honey, home bowl, add water, steamed for 20 minutes.
Usage: to eat carrot soup, the second day.
Efficacy: Moistening Lung, cough, phlegm, applicable to children with pneumonia caused by coughing.
2. Garlic tea sugar honey
Raw materials: 20 grams of garlic, sugar, honey of the amount.
Production: garlic pounded with water immersion晾凉, and then stew for half an hour.
Taking:取汁transferred honey, sugar taking it twice a day.
Efficacy: Qingre Runzao, bactericidal anti-inflammatory for Chronic Cough in children with pneumonia or not.

Rectocele is a 4-year-old children within the common


Rectocele early performance from time to time only in the bowel of a group of red and wet and soft mass in the anal station, the aircraft will be reduced soon after the mass in the anus. After repeated attacks, mass can not be an immediate withdrawal, we must hand back to help the masses. Off as a result of regular weight, by the friction to stimulate the mucosa, increased mucus secretion, mucosal there hyperemia, edema, bleeding, ulcers and even necrosis. Anal, rectal prolapse outside the anus and over, the weight off as anorectal, or Rectocele. Occur within the 4-year-old children, but the 1-year-old infants rarely seen within the cancer, the disease increase with age, mostly self-limiting.


Rectocele two major categories of reasons
1, congenital factors: the child with the characteristics of the anatomy of the rectum, that is, children with congenital factor is the development of pelvic structure is not yet perfect, the support of the surrounding tissue connected rectum weak fixed unsound.
2, acquired factors: the pressure for intra-abdominal hypertension in the long-term, such as forced defecation, severe coughing, vomiting, frequent diarrhea; bad bowel habits, such as sitting too long urinals can be re off to the rectum. This situation may wish to make an analogy, as the anal cuff, if the folder to connect with Yuriko is not strong, folder, it is easy to get out from the cuffs, the incidence of Rectocele is the truth.
Rectocele early performance from time to time only in the bowel of a group of red and wet and soft mass in the anal station, the aircraft will be reduced soon after the mass in the anus. After repeated attacks, mass can not be an immediate withdrawal, we must hand back to help the masses. Off as a result of regular weight, by the friction to stimulate the mucosa, increased mucus secretion, mucosal there hyperemia, edema, bleeding, ulcers and even necrosis.
So how to avoid the occurrence of Rectocele it?
1, to make children develop a good daily regular bowel habits, should not have too much time to sit urinals.
2, there is constipation in children, usually to drink plenty of water, eat food rich in cellulose.
3, there are repeated coughing and diarrhea patients, mainly of the primary disease treatment to prevent the occurrence of Rectocele.
Rectocele frequently not in a position to reply, we must go to the hospital for treatment. If conservative treatment in general is still no effect, then the operation must be carried out.

Children away from the Type A H1N1 influenza virus


Type A H1N1 influenza come back, for the elderly and the children of these vulnerable groups, to take the necessary protective measures is particularly important. Experts said that parents should help children develop good hygiene practices to prevent influenza H1N1 spread of influenza and other respiratory diseases.
These good health habits, including: when coughing and sneezing in a tissue to cover mouth and nose, used tissues should be discarded in the trash; frequently wash their hands with water and soap, if there is no water, can be used free of alcohol hand sanitizer to clean water; as far as possible children to stay away from people coughing or sneezing; not hand rubbing the eyes, nose or mouth, such as touch.


If a child too fast, or breathing difficulty in breathing frequency on respiratory diseases. In addition, if the child appears irritable, especially drowsiness, do not want to eat or symptoms such as fever, it is best to take him to hospital. Although he had only the common cold, or to ask a doctor diagnosis, rule out the possibility of other diseases, and treatment.
In addition, if the parents develop fever, headache, fatigue, cough, pharyngodynia, runny nose or flu symptoms such as generalized pain, should be approaching the nearest hospital for treatment and to avoid contact with children.
Experts remind parents should keep an eye on children around whether there is respiratory disease. If you develop fever (oral temperature higher than 37.5 ℃, higher than axillary temperature 37.8 ℃, rectal temperature higher than 38 ℃), respiratory symptoms, or less active in peacetime, should immediately take them to hospital.

Sunday, July 12, 2009

Four categories of children should also check blood lipid

U.S. National Cholesterol Education Program lipid screening criteria is recommended for children under four categories of lipid screening.
First, parents or grandparents before the age of 55 had coronary artery bypass surgery or balloon angioplasty; Second, parents have a myocardial infarction, angina, peripheral vascular or cerebrovascular disease history, or sudden death before the age of 55; Third, parents of high total cholesterol (> 240 mg / dL), or other parents dyslipidemia, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, high triglycerides or low high-density lipoprotein; four is not know that a family history of parents or grandparents, or parents for more than two risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as obesity (body mass index> 30), hypertension, diabetes, smoking and so on.
Experts pointed out that the 10-year-old is a good time to check blood lipids, blood lipid children at this time period of adult lipid levels have predictive value. Because of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol during puberty will drop 10-20%, the detection of familial dyslipidemia before puberty (2 ~ 10 years old) are more desirable.
If the 10-year-old post-test result is abnormal, then the post-adolescent will be higher lipid levels. If the outcome is normal, it should be 16-year-old girls, 18-year-old boy when the first review.

Attention to "hidden" otitis media


Acute otitis media is not like a cold fever, all of a sudden will be able to see. Baby was also small, would not say that, coupled with acute otitis media more and more "hidden", it is not easy to be aware of. Now, let us tell you how to observe your baby is diagnosed with acute otitis media? What circumstances give rise to acute otitis media?


Understanding of acute otitis media
Acute otitis media refers to acute inflammation of the middle ear cavity is a 4-year-old child following one of the most frequently asked questions. Otitis media due to Eustachian tube (connecting the middle ear cavity and the nasal cavity and posterior wall) dysfunction or obstruction caused by secondary bacterial infection caused by. Without timely treatment, can cause hearing impairment, or even slow language development and learning ability.
These performance, your baby may be suffering from acute otitis media by
Fever
Fever is a symptom of acute otitis media representatives. Baby fever for 3 consecutive days above 37.5 ℃, take medicine when burning is persistent, it is necessary to have a baby suffering from otitis media to consider the possibility, it is necessary to check as soon as possible to ear-nose-throat.
Flexible ear
Children in the 2-year-old used to be a hard nut to crack where the pain of their own, but the action he will tell you. If he continue to touch the ears, scratch their ears, pulling ears, to think he is not suffering from otitis media.
Shaking his head
Shaking his head about otitis media is an important feature of patients. Uncomfortable because the ears, your baby will attempt to alleviate the symptoms of shaking his head. So, to discover restless baby, shaking his head, it is necessary to think of his ears may be uncomfortable.
Crying
The child suddenly became agitated, non-stop crying, and pain at night and sleep because of bad sleep, when to take him to see a doctor immediately.
Ear effusion
Attack of acute otitis media, middle ear will be water, membrane swelling. When perforation of tympanic membrane, there will be outflow of yellow secretions. Children around the ears if there is dry skin, it is necessary to pay attention to the.
Poor hearing
Effusion tympanic membrane there will lead to hearing loss. If you discover calls to your baby unresponsive, do not pay attention to him several times,
To quickly take him to the ENT examination.
These factors, the baby may suffer from acute otitis media
Respiratory tract and nasopharynx disease
For example, cold, rhinitis, pharyngitis and so on. Middle ear and the nose, pharynx tube connected. When the existence of a large number of nasopharyngeal bacteria, these pathogens can easily enter the ears. So, baby, when influenza, with particular attention to whether his ear abnormalities.
Swimming
Swimming, water entering the ear from the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane if there is no hole, then water will not enter the middle ear from the external ear. However, if more Azeri pool, clean and do not be put in place when the bacteria in the water or disinfectant through the child's nose and mouth into the body, resulting in a cold, which caused by otitis media.
Lay milk
Study from the United States said: baby lying flat water, milk, water or milk to the direction of flow of the nasopharynx, leading to the risk of otitis media. So, baby milk or other beverages when raising his head to some, and at any time to erase his flow of water or milk out.
Fatigue
Lack of sleep or too much physical exertion is the main reason for the decline in immunity. The law of life, a balanced diet coupled with regular exercise to stay healthy is very important. So, do not let children play too tired, and must be fully and let him rest.
Smoking
European study shows that: the house was smoking, easy-induced otitis media. Even if you went to the balcony that smokers smoking, his hair and clothes will be stained with cigarette harmful substances. He then hold your baby, these harmful substances will be adsorbed on the baby on the nasopharyngeal mucosa to cause inflammation.
Collective life
In kindergarten, children, or exposure to influenza virus infection significantly increased, thus increasing the possibility of suffering from otitis media.
Out
The train or in a confined public transport aircraft, or in poorly ventilated, the densely populated public places, it is easy to become infected with influenza virus, but also makes it easy for baby to suffer from otitis media. Therefore, the children go out, to the extent possible, avoid crowded places.
Treatment interruption
Acute otitis media usually having symptoms after a few days will be given medicine to ease or even disappear, then do not judge according to their own baby has been good on that, and stop medication and treatment. Stop long-term treatment of acute otitis media is not even one of the reasons to chronic.
These problems, the mother may be concerned about
Q: Why is it that some children will be recurrent otitis media?
A: Media and body have a certain relationship. Not the same as physical fitness, the risk of infection are also different. Repeated middle ear infection in children, their relatively weak immune system. In addition, the otitis media-prone and easy to repeatedly, and the house was smoking, treatment also has a lot to complete. Therefore, recurrent otitis media children, family is best not to smoke, but also must adhere to a completely cured after doctors confirmed that the treatment can be stopped.
Q: discharging ear to how to deal with?
A: discharging ear, in addition to acute otitis media, otitis externa is also possible that. Secretions of children found out of the ear, nose and throat should be treated immediately. And ears in direct contact with pillows, sheets should be promptly cleaned, kept clean, otherwise, the outflow of pus in the ear can cause skin inflammation. Do not use cotton baby's ears stick out of rubbing it in order not to damage your baby's skin or membrane of the external auditory canal so that the disease becomes more serious.
Q: child pain straight ear scratch, what are the means to alleviate it?
A: baby ear pain, it is necessary to quickly take him to the hospital emergency room. If the home glycerol, 2% of phenol eardrops can be used to the baby. If the baby discharging eardrum has been perforated, then 3% hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean baby ears, the local instillation of ofloxacin eardrops.
Q: If you suspect your baby suffering from otitis media, is to check or to pediatric ENT check-up?
A: If the child has obvious symptoms of otitis media, it is best to check directly to the ENT. Diagnosed as otitis media to check the tympanic membrane, ear-nose-throat doctors who are dedicated tools such as inspection otoscope, to carefully observe the tympanic membrane, such as the baby inside the ear.
Q: doctor of medicine on time and forgot how to use children to do?
A: The best time to use the children. If you want to feel that the kindergarten children, it is difficult to ensure that on the 1st 3 times his medication, or if you need to go to work, only to him sooner or later use, you can discuss with the doctor, replaced on the 1st 2nd medicine.
Otitis media: such treatment, so care
Treatment:
● choose doctor-sensitive antibiotics to control infection, active treatment of the cause, improve middle ear ventilation, nasal application of intranasal drug, and maintain the nasal cavity and pharyngeal opening of eustachian tube patency.
● non-perforated eardrum, the ear canal with drops of glycerine with 2% phenol in order to reduce earache and promote local inflammation subsided.
● If the eardrum has been perforated, then to maintain good drainage for the purpose of 3% hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean, clear empyema of the external auditory canal, local instillation of drug-sensitive, short-term symptoms significantly improved.
At home should pay attention to things
● If the baby at night with ear pain, you can use the doctor gave him medicine.
● can not decide when to stop treatment, we must wait until the doctor said "Never a" do.

More than 12 kinds of goods of life and risk of lead parents must


As long as they are concerned about the health of children of parents, I am afraid that one-third of all fear of lead poisoning. However, according to U.S. media reports on September 21, in fact, in life, there are many day-to-day supplies, also dangerous than lead paint.


1. Amalgam fillings
Do not use amalgam fillings (also known as filler mercury) fillings for children, or else once the baby inhaled mercury vapor, and even to swallow, it could lead to mercury poisoning.
2. Antibacterial Soap
Why antibacterial soap antibacterial? Because it contains a small amount of toxic substances. This is harmful to humans, especially for the developing nervous system of children. Therefore, in order to avoid all that "antibacterial" products, the best use of natural soap, let the children play a role in the immune system to kill bacteria in general.
3. Sports drinks
Simply because "movement" word, some parents will think this is a healthy drink, but also that it can play the role of potassium supplement. In fact, this one containing the chemical sweetener is harmful. Water is a more intelligent way.
4. Non-prescription drugs
Almost all drugs have some toxicity. And many children drugs more toxic drugs than adults, because they increase the chemical sweeteners and artificial pigment content.
5. Of sunscreen sunscreen
Many of sunscreen sunscreen can cause skin cancer, because they contain a variety of toxic substances. More seriously, sunscreens block the UV, so that normal skin can not manufacture vitamin D, the impact of bone growth.
6. Processed milk
Less than 10-year-old child suffering from heart disease, in part due to drink with them on the processing of milk. Because the processing of milk, some may contain pesticides and other chemicals.
7. Fast food
Unhealthy fast food, not only because these foods are often fried, but also because they contain additives, MSG, coloring and other substances. Strangely enough, many parents of children reward good performance, it was unhealthy for them to buy fast food.
8. Laundry Agents
Laundry agent contains many toxic substances, which belong to Flavor of carcinogens. They are harmful to the environment is also harmful to the health of children.
9. Flame Retardant
Children in the new mattress, the fire retardant spray often, they can be easily absorbed by the skin of children, the destruction of their immune system and nervous system. In addition, many clothes, carpets, blankets and other products also contain flame retardants now.
10. Carbonated drinks
It may lead to diabetes and obesity, but also contain phosphoric acid, will damage the teeth, leading to osteoporosis. In addition, children are often more dangerous to drink carbonated drinks because they contain chemical sweeteners with lower learning ability and have the relationship between neurological disorders.
11. Air Fresheners
Air fresheners contain cancer-causing substances, can lead to asthma and other respiratory diseases. If you attach importance to children's health, with orange on the skin to replace it.
12. Synthetic vitamin
A number of special children is synthetic vitamin, which tend to add some artificial coloring and chemical sweeteners. Therefore to avoid the purchase of cheap synthetic vitamins for children, and the choice of quality assured products.

Please give your baby a safe space

Your baby will gradually climb, will be gone, along with the expansion of the scope of his activities, the factors of insecurity also increased. In order to reduce the risk factors, parents should carefully look at the home location of items. Should stand on a high degree of baby's visual observation of the environment, to the baby a safe living space. Please pay special attention to the following items:
First, the incorrect use of the small items easily: drugs, credit card issuers, pins, buttons, coins, nails, etc.;
Second, the items easier to injury: Cutlery, thin bamboo sticks, toothpicks, awl, vases, etc.;
Third, the items easily lead to burn: fire, Heating, Iron, vacuum bottle, cigarette butts, hot soup pot, etc.;
Fourth, the items easily lead to electric shock: electrical appliances, plugs, wires, etc.;
Five, easily lead to falling factors: the high-bed, bay windows, balconies, etc.;
Six other children, such as a plastic bag over the head easily, but also may lead to suffocation.
Of course, if the parents have to take more safety measures, then we will be more secure the baby. Therefore, in daily life, we should also pay attention to some of the issues:
Drugs must have purchased the safety of baby bottle packaging, and put it in locked medicine chest, not touch the baby hand.
Drugs and chemical substances are stored in a clear bottle's original label, do not put toxic substances in a drink bottle.
Drugs or chemical substances stored in places as far as possible from food.
Do not misplacing spray cans, baby it easy to hold the nozzle and cause eye injury.
Indeed do all the household appliances to prevent the wires touched baby hand.
All wires should be intact, not split the phenomenon of crack or other damage.
Socket must be covered with safety plugs.
Heating and plumbing package to use a towel to cover, or separated from the furniture. To educate children so that she knew at a young age is a thermal heating package and can not touch.
All the windows upstairs were required to install guard-rails, in the vicinity can not put any baby to climb up to the object.
Pin, matches, lighters, kitchen knives and scissors cut, such as holding hands Do not let your baby be, it is necessary to lock them in a drawer.
Baby clothes should be fire.
Any heavy furniture should be strong, so baby can not overturn it.